Variable | Measurement item | Previous researcher |
Competitiveness of products and services(B) | Can provide customized and intelligent products and services. | B1 | Steve et al.(2011) Chau & Xu(2011) McAfee &Brynjofsson(2012) Chen et al.(2011) McKinsey(2011) Gartner(2011) SERI(2012) |
Helps improve the process for providing a company’s products and services. | B2 |
Improves ability to cope with and support customers’ requirements for products and services in real time. | B3 |
Improves ability to cope with product or service risk factors in real time. | B4 |
Capturing of opportunities(C) | Improves ability to capture opportunities for improvement in business process. | C1 | McAfee &Brynjofsson(2012) Chen et al.(2011) McKinsey(2011) Gartner(2011) SERI(2012) |
Improves ability to capture opportunities for the improvement of products and services. | C2 |
Improves ability to capture opportunities for the development of a new product and service. | C3 |
Improves ability to capture opportunities for business convergence and a new business. | C4 |
Shortening of business hours(D) | Can shorten the time of product and service production/distribution. | D1 | Elizabeth &Michael(2004) McKinsey(2011) Gartner(2011) Steve et al.(2011) OECD(2011) Kim & Ka(2012) Kim Y. M.(2013) |
Can shorten the time to cope with a customer’s claim & requirement. | D2 |
Can shorten the time to analyze and predict changes in corporate internal (products/services, production and distribution) and external (customer, competitor, market) environment. | D3 |
Can shorten the time of executive’s and manager’s decision-making. | D4 |
Can shorten the period of new product and service development. | D5 |
Can shorten the period of new business model development and convergence with other area. | D6 |
Improvement in profitability(E) | Can increase sales. | E1 | Elizabeth &Michael(2004) McKinsey(2011) Gartner(2011) Steve et al.(2011) OECD(2011) Kim & Ka(2012) Kim Y. M.(2013) |
Can increase market share. | E2 |
Can improve customer satisfaction. | E3 |
Can improve ROI (return on investment). | E4 |
Improvement in process(F) | Can improve the process for product production (distribution) and service providing. | F1 |
Can improve the process for analyzing and forecasting the status inside and outside company. | F2 |
Can improve the process for executive’s and manager’s decision-making. | F3 |
Can improve the process for the development of new product and service. | F4 |
Can improve the process for the development of new project and business. | F5 |
Decision support(G) | Can effectively support decision-making for coping with issues and risks. | G1 | Quinn & Baily(1994) McKinsey(2011) Gartner(2011) Steve et al.(2011) Kim & Ka(2012) |
Can provide diverse information for decision-making, based on social phenomena and actual data. | G2 |
Capable of diverse analyses (social analysis, credit analysis, reputation analysis) and prediction for decision-making | G3 |
Outside industry(H) | Degree of coping with changes in IT trends and IT environment | H1 | Iacovou et al.(1995) Mansfield(1997) Zhu & Kraemer(2005) Zhu et al.(2004, 2006) Umanath & Cambell(1994) Sharma et al.(2007) Dasgupta et al.(1999) |
Degree of coping with changes in IT environment in other industries | H2 |
Degree of big data adoption in companies of other areas | H3 |
Inside industry(I) | Degree of coping with changes in IT trends and IT environment within industry | I1 |
Degree of big data adoption in major competitors | I2 |
Degree of core business partner’s request and recommendation | I3 |
Public environ-ment(K) | Degree of changes in government and public agencies’ policies | K1 |
Degree of changes in relevant laws & regulations and institutions | K2 |
Degree of the increase in big data adoption in the public sector | K3 |